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Coal mining in India
Coal mining in India has a long history of commercial exploitation covering nearly 220 years starting in 1774 with John Sumner and Suetonius Grant Heatly of the East India Company in the Raniganj Coalfield along the Western bank of Damodar river. However, for about a century the growth of Indian coal mining remained sluggish for want of demand but the introduction of steam locomotives in 1853 gave a fillip to it. Within a short span, production rose to an annual average of . India could produce per year by 1900 and per year by 1920. The production got a sudden boost from the First World War but went through a slump in the early thirties. The production reached a level of by 1942 and by 1946.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Coal Mining in India: The Past )〕
With the advent of independence, the country embarked upon the 5-year development plans. At the beginning of the 1st Plan, annual production went up to . During the 1st Plan period itself, the need for increasing coal production efficiently by systematic and scientific development of the coal industry was being felt. Setting up of the National Coal Development Corporation (NCDC), a Government of India Undertaking in 1956 with the collieries owned by the railways as its nucleus was the first major step towards planned development of Indian Coal Industry. Along with the Singareni Collieries Company Ltd. (SCCL) which was already in operation since 1945 and which became a Government company under the control of Government of Andhra Pradesh in 1956, India thus had two Government coal companies in the fifties. SCCL is now a joint undertaking of Government of Telangana and Government of India sharing its equity in 51:49 ratio.
==Coal Mining Regions==
Coal reserves in India is one of the largest in the world. As on April 1, 2012, India had of the resource. The production of coal was in 2010-11. The production of lignite was in 2010-11. As on 2011, India ranked 3rd in world coal production. The energy derived from coal in India is about twice that of energy derived from oil, whereas worldwide, energy derived from coal is about 30% less than energy derived from oil.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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